Breast Cancer
Breast cancer occurs when abnormal cells in the breast grow uncontrollably, forming tumors that can spread to other parts of the body and become life-threatening if not treated. A common early sign is a lump under the breast, which may not always be felt. Although breast cancer is most frequently diagnosed in women over the age of 50, it can also affect younger women, men, and individuals of any gender.
There are three main types of breast cancer:
Symptoms of breast cancer
In its early stages breast cancer may not always be noticeable, but when they occur, they can include changes in the size, shape, or appearance of the breast, lumps or thickened areas near the breast or underarm, skin changes like dimpling, redness, or hardened areas, and nipple discharge.
Risk factors of breast cancer
Several factors increase the risk of prostate cancer
Being 55 or older is a significant risk factor for developing breast cancer. A family history of breast cancer, particularly among close relatives like parents, siblings, or children, also elevates the risk. Up to 15% of breast cancer cases are linked to inherited genetic mutations, most commonly in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.
Tobacco use has been linked to an increased risk of breast cancer, as it is with many other types of cancer. Drinking alcohol regularly may increase the risk of developing breast cancer. Obesity is a known risk factor for breast cancer, especially after menopause. Additionally, previous exposure to radiation therapy to the head, neck, or chest, as well as the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), can increase the chances of developing breast cancer.
After identifying the risk factors, it's important to understand that surgery is the primary treatment for breast cancer, although other treatment options may also be used such as mastectomy, lumpectomy, and breast reconstruction.
Preventive measures
Adopting healthy lifestyle habits can significantly reduce the risk of breast cancer. Regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and limiting alcohol intake are important steps in prevention.3
It's also advisable to minimize the use of menopausal hormone therapy. Regular breast self-exams are crucial as they help detect potential tumors early, leading to better treatment outcomes. A balanced diet that includes vegetables, fruits, calcium-rich dairy products, and lean protein can further reduce your risk.3
Additionally, avoiding red and processed meats may provide extra protection. By taking these proactive steps, you can support your overall breast health and significantly lower the risk of developing breast cancer.